The Sun Archive
A Free Resource for Spiritual Discovery & Exploration
On Sacred Numbers

"...numbers and numerical proportions have a certain meaning for the cosmos and the world. It is in numbers, we might say, that the harmony that wells through space is expressed."
-Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols GA 101, The Symbolism of Numbers
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In light of Anthroposophy, science, and spiritual-esoteric wisdom, numbers correlate to objective manifestations of spiritual and cosmic facts. Everything in the physical world is a perfect expression, somehow, of an fact, idea, cadence, or rhythm from the universal-cosmic source that created, informs, and sustains the universe.
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Sacred mathematics is expressed in the forms and shapes of geometry. Within these symbols, when passed along to us by informed sources that represent the Mysteries and not hypothesis or superstition, spiritual and cosmic facts are expressed through mathematical principles and geometric shapes. These shapes allow for a path to attainment and meditation. Symbols and forms reflect the structure and design of the universe, earth, and humanity. Each number reflects a deeper spiritual and symbolic meaning.
This vital area of study and consideration reveals that mathematics and geometric patterns reflect universal truths and can lead to a deeper understanding of existence. Forms and formulae do not confine one's reality; they are expressions of the manifestations of the divine in the world and humanity. In order to discover these sacred truths, a seeker needs to turn to those who have gained a high stage of spiritual attainment. In the esoteric sciences, these individuals are referred to as "initiates" or "spiritual initiates" (refer to my article here for an introduction on initiation: https://www.sunarchive.org/initiates-and-bodhisattvas).
This article will confine itself to three individuals who brought genuine insights on sacred mathematics; Dr. Rudolf Steiner (died 1925), Elizabeth Hiach (died 1997), and Pythagoras who taught the spiritual meaning of mathematics and geometry in ancient Greece. Plato and Aristotle spent a great deal of time discussion these ideas. Plato introduced the Platonic solids to the West which led a student into a deeper contemplation of the meaning behind forms and shapes. Refer to https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid
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The Pythagorean school is perhaps the most remembered in the West for demonstrating spiritual facts and truths that can be expressed through mathematics and geometry. According Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Pythagoras spent some 20 years in Egypt and Chaldea training in the Mysteries of spiritual initiation. He was the first, at that time, non-Egyptian to do so. He was an initiate-teacher in ancient Greece, so one should not imagine that he was a mathematician alone. The area of mathematics and geometry, which is purely objective, was one aspect of a path to spiritual attainment.
These ideas were not created by the Greeks nor was algebra, geometry or mathematics created by any one culture or individual. These facts have been passed down since before recorded history began and have been rediscovered, demonstrated, and shared in the moment of history and culture in which they were expressed. The methods, algorithms, and science of math - and how to map them to divine facts - have simply been discovered and adapted to the cultural age in which they were expressed. These symbols, in varied expressions, have always been a part of the Mysteries and each culture has passed down these observable facts since Time began including ancient India, Persia, China, Europe, Egypt, Greece, and the Romans.
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For example, the Egyptians, led by initiates, are perhaps most remembered for their expert use of geometry and mathematics which were utilized to construct the pyramids and the massive and sacred structures that survive today. In recent memory, the wisdom of mathematics flowed through the West by way of the Greeks and evolved into our current forms taught today through men such as Pythagoras, Aristotle, and Plato; all of whom were initiates trained in the ancient Mysteries. Euclid rediscovered the essential facts of geometry and passed them along to the world.
Mathematical laws are correlations to the facts of the human being, the world, and the cosmos. However, reaching beyond the natural facts of mathematics, and how those forms are expressed out of the spirit which carries an inner meaning, requires the vision of someone who has "pierced the veil" or Parsifal Today we acknowledge these fundamental principles for use in worldly endeavors including medicine, technology, astronomy, engineering, etc. but the inner meaning behind them has become lost.
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This brief article includes only a partial list of for further research.
1 (Monad): The term monad (from Ancient Greek μονάς (monas) 'unity' and μÏŒνος (monos) 'alone') refers to the original universal principle. The "I AM that I AM." Originally conceived by the Pythagoreans, the Monad represents the Supreme God, Creator, and Father as the totality of all things.​​​ This notion carries within a disposition of rest, perfection, and unity.
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"In all occultism the One has always designated the indivisible unity of God in the universe. God is indicated by the number one. We should not believe, however, that anything is to be gained by becoming engrossed in nothing but this number. You will see later how this absorption should rightfully come about, and it will be far more fruitful if we first consider the other numbers." -Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols, GA 101, 15 September 1907, Stuttgart, III. The Symbolism of Numbers. https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/OccSigns/19070915p01.html
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Left: A singular undifferentiated dot within a circle was used by the Pythagoreans as passed along through the Mysteries to represent the first undivided being or God; the Absolute.
2 (Dyad): The Dyad represents the manifested state. Aristotle equated matter as the formation of the elements (energies) into the material world as the static material was formed by desire, force, or motion. It represents the principle of "oneness, "otherness", and creation. Tension is expressed through an act of creation out of one's self. This principle aligns with the creative activity of God which creates out of itself and divides into a compliment.
This image can be observed through religions, architecture, and spiritual ideas, especially in the symbol of the Vesica Piscis, which is also the symbol of soulmates or complimentary souls who were born of God as compliments - who are male and female polarities - that aide one another on the long of spiritual evolution. I believe that soul mates were born of the same shared idea, or shell, at the origins of human existence. Dualities can be observed everywhere in the universe as polarities; however, the number also represents compliments.
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"Two is called the number of revelation in occultism. This means that whatever appears to us in the world, whatever reveals itself, whatever is not in any way concealed, stands as a duality. Thereby we acquire ground under our feet, whereas with the number one we are groping in the unfathomable. Everywhere in nature you find that nothing reveals itself without being related to the number two. Light alone cannot reveal itself. There must also be shadow or darkness—that is, a duality. There could never be a world filled with manifest light were there not corresponding shadow.
Thus it is with all things. It would never be possible for good to manifest if it did not have evil as shadow-picture. The duality of good and evil is a necessity in the manifest world. There are infinitely many dualities. They fit all life, but we must look for them at the right spots."
...we could point out dualities at every step in life. In physics you find positive and negative electricity, in magnetism, forces of attraction and repulsion. Everything appears in duality. Two, duality, is the number of appearance, of manifestation.-Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols, GA 101, 15 September 1907, Stuttgart, III. The Symbolism of Numbers. https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/OccSigns/19070915p01.html (Author: This is an abridged quote).


3 (Triad or Trinity):​
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"Three is the number of the Divinity revealing itself. There is a statement in occultism that says that two can never be the number for the Divinity. One is a number for God, and also the three. The one who sees the world as a duality, sees it only in its revelation.
In the world of manifestation, to sum it up once more, everything alternates between involution and evolution. At the root of this is a hidden creation out of nothingness that unites itself with the two (involution and evolution) to form a triad. This is a union of the Divine with the revealed.
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So you can see how we can reflect on the number three. We should not take off and spin pedantic thoughts about it, but we must look for the duality and triad that is to be met at every turn. Then we consider the numerical symbols in the right way, in the Pythagorean sense, and can draw conclusions leading from one to the other. We could also say that light and shadow appear in the manifest world, and behind these lies a third, hidden element.
" -Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols, GA 101, 15 September 1907, Stuttgart, III. The Symbolism of Numbers. https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/OccSigns/19070915p01.html (Author: This is an abridged quote).

4 (Square):
"We come now to the number four. Four is the sign of the cosmos or of creation. As far as we can determine with our present organs, the present planetary condition of the earth is its fourth embodiment. Everything that is manifest to us on an earth such as ours presupposes that this creation is the fourth stage. This is but a special case for all creations that appear thus. They all stand under the sign of the four.
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The occultist says that men today stand in the mineral kingdom. What does this mean? Because a man understands only the mineral kingdom, he can only control this kingdom. Using minerals, he can build a house, a clock, and other things because they are subject to mineral laws. For various other activities he does not have this capacity. He cannot, for example, form a plant from out of his own thinking.
To be able to do this he would himself have to exist in the plant kingdom. Some time in the future this will be the case. Today men are creators in the mineral realm. Three other kingdoms, the elementary kingdoms, have preceded this; the mineral kingdom is the fourth. All told there are seven.
Men stand in the fourth kingdom. Only here do they reach their actual consciousness oriented to the outer world." -Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols, GA 101, 15 September 1907, Stuttgart, III. The Symbolism of Numbers. https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/OccSigns/19070915p01.html

Note: Dr. Steiner viewed the human being as a seven-fold being. However, the human being at is foundation is a four-fold being in the manifested physical state consisting of astral, etheric (energy), and Ego or "I" which develops only after a certain age in youth. Each of these aspects unfolds in dentitions of 7 years from birth. The other 3 aspects represent stages of purification referred to as spirit-self, life-spirit, and spirit-man. Thus, each aspect as a higher and lower aspect. -Refer to Rudolf Steiner, Lecture Series GA204: https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA204/English/AP1987/19210423p01.html
5 (Pentagram): The number five represents many things in spiritual science. It is the symbol of the etheric, or energy, form of the human being which follows a current of five points of movement or force. From another perspective, it represents the ability to do evil as a fifth element is added to the fourth. It is not quite right to leave it on either polarity as a fixed point. The number five must be examined at is manifesting point and in what context it is considered.
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​-"If we look at this pentagram, to begin with, taken at its face value, it is a symbol for the etheric body. But I have already said that the ether body also contains the central forces of both astral and physical bodies; it is from the ether body that all the forces, the ageing and the youth-giving forces emanate." -Rudolf Steiner, Wonders of the World, Ordeals of the Soul, Revelations of the Spirit, GA 129, 3. Nature and Spirit. Zeus, Poseidon and Pluto as macrocosmic counterparts of the human bodily sheaths. An occult sign. 20 August 1911, Munich, https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA129/English/RSP1963/19110820p02.html
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-"We're always surrounded by five ether streams in the world around us on earth. They're called earth, water, fire, air and thought ethers. These etheric streams are also active in man: earth ether from the head to the right foot, from there water ether to the left hand, from there fire ether to the right hand, from there air ether to the left foot, and then thought ether back to the head. This is the occultist's sacred pentagram, the symbol of man. Its point is directed upwards, which indicates that the spirit streams to man from the heights. The pentagram is present in many flowers and other things in nature." -Rudolf Steiner, Esoteric Lessons I, GA 266, Number 12, Köln, 12-1-'06, https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA266/English/UNK1998/19061201e01.html
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-"Five is the number of evil. This will become clear to us if we again consider human beings. In their development men have become fourfold beings and thereby beings of the created world. Here on earth, however, the fifth member of their being, the spirit self, will be added. Were they to remain fourfold beings, they would be constantly directed by the gods—toward the good, of course—but they would never develop their independence. They have become free through the gift of their germinal fifth member, but it is also from this that they have received the ability to do evil.
No being can do evil who has not arrived at “fivefoldness.” Wherever we meet with evil, such that it can actually adversely affect our own being, there a fivefoldness is at play. This is the case everywhere, including the outside world, but people are unaware of it, and our present materialistic world view has no conception of the fact that the world can be considered in this way. Actually, there is justification for speaking of evil only where fivefoldness appears." And in the fourth kingdom. Only here do they reach their actual consciousness oriented to the outer world." -Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols, GA 101, 15 September 1907, Stuttgart, III. The Symbolism of Numbers. https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/OccSigns/19070915p01.html

6 (Hexagram): The number six, or hexagram, represents the patterns of force that flow through the astral form of the human being. It is the Star of David. The astral body, which is the carrier of all feelings, passions, and instincts, is the gateway to spiritual transformation. During the Fall of Man, the temptation occurred through the astral form, which was corrupted by Lucifer. However, it is also the necessary means of by which independence, and the overcoming of the lower self, can be accomplished by the human being. It is not a pagan symbol or a symbol exclusive to Judaism.
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"What does the astral body look like? When the astral body is together with the physical body, it is somewhat egg-like in shape. After death it is a wonderfully radiant, mobile formation. In accordance with individual characteristics it has various colours, radiant colours. Its three gleaming points are at first widely separated, joined together but open below.
They are centres of force; they draw progressively together and then they look like a small triangle. 1. Heart; 2. Liver; 3. Brain. These three points work together at the time of a new incarnation. In Devachan they are radiant centres of force, which stream out from the three points. In the astral world these three points form a triangle; in Devachan they form a six-pointed figure — two interlaced triangles. They are bells." - Rudolf Steiner, At the Gates of Spiritual Science, GA 95, Notes from Answers to Questions, https://rsarchive.org/GA/GA0095/GateSS_notes1.html
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The Number 7
​Instances of the number 7 can be observed throughout the physical world. While people accept these facts as they are, upon further examination a seeker finds that the physical world is a reflection of cosmic laws, which are spiritual in origin. The number 7 is a sacred number that reflects standard cadences and structures that define our reality.
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"Seven is the number of perfection. Observation of man himself will make this clear. Today he is under the influence of the number five insofar as he can be good or evil. As a creature of the universe he lives in the number four. When he will have developed all that he holds at present as germ within him, he will become a seven-membered being, perfect in its kind. The number seven rules in the world of colour, in the rainbow; in the world of tone it is found in the scale.
Everywhere, in all realms of life, the number seven can be observed as a kind of number of perfection. There is no superstition or magic in this." Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols, GA 101, 15 September 1907, Stuttgart, III. The Symbolism of Numbers. https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/OccSigns/19070915p01.html
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For example, the number 7 can be seen in:
-7 vowels.
-7 musical notes.
-7 colors of the rainbow; red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.
-7 days of the week.
- Instances of the number 7 can be found throughout the different religions of the world, including the Christian Bible.
​-7 leading Archangels.
-7 virtues.
-7 deadly sins.
-7 musical notes.​
-There are 7 aspects of the human being when viewed from the lens of Anthroposophy.
-The 7 Holy Rishis of India.
-The 7 planetary influences/spheres:​
Saturn: Saturday
Sun: Sunday
Moon: Monday
Mars: Tuesday
Mercury: Wednesday
Jupiter: Thursday
Venus: Friday (1)
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​-Seven appears in Buddhism, with the Buddha taking seven steps at birth.
-In Hinduism, the sun god (Surya) rode a chariot with seven horses. There are seven upper worlds (heavens) and seven lower worlds.
​-The Quran begins with seven verses, and Muslims believe in seven heavens and seven hells, with the Hajj involving seven circuits around the Kabbalah
​​-In light of Anthroposophy, and recent medical research, the human being goes through significant physical and cellular changes once every 7 years. Dr. Rudolf Steiner referred to this transformations, when the entire human being at the cellular level is changed, as "dentitions."

The Number 12
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The number 12 manifests in a variety of ways including:
​​-The 12 months of the year.
-The 12 constellations.
-The 12 lunar cycles.
-The 12 ribs of the human being.
-The 12 houses of the zodiac. Each "house" of the zodiac requires 2,160 years to complete a cycle. Each of the 12 cycles comprise one cosmic year of 25,920 years.
-The 12-sided (12 pentagonal faces) Dodecahedron (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Platonic_solid)
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Instances of the number 12 can be observed through virtually all religious documents and the mythos of ancient world. For example:
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-The 12 Apostles.
-12 Years. The number of years that Jesus spent in Egypt before returning to Palestine.
-The 12 Gods of Olympus.
-The 12 Labors of Herakles.
-12 Knights of King Arthur's roundtable.
-The 12 Days of Christmas.
-The 12 Tribes of Israel. Ishmael - the first-born son of Abraham - has 12 sons/princes (Genesis 25:16), and Jacob also has 12 sons, who are the progenitors of the Twelve Tribes of Israel.
-The 12 Gates in the Book of Revelations.​​
-The 12 petalled lotus flower (the heart chakra)​
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Quotes on the Number 12 from Dr. Rudolf Steiner
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(1) "These spirits (guiding spirits of humanity) have been acknowledged as regents in symbols, for instance in the zodiac, with the sun moving through them. Enhancement of conscious awareness in microcosmic evolution also corresponds to the stages in the macrocosm. So that the number 12 has always been important and there have always been 12 guiding spirits everywhere: 12 tribes of Israel, 12 apostles, 12 knights of the Grail. Both macrocosmically and microcosmically, 12 is therefore the sacred number on which everything is based.
7 are in action, 5 have other work to do. For the physical planet, only 7 come into consideration, which is also why only 7 of the 12 principles of the human being are taught." -Rudolf Steiner, Part II: 6. Evolution and Involution—GA 89. Awareness - Life - Form (2001)—Rudolf Steiner Archive
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(2) "The pentagonal dodecahedron, which is the symbol of the active power of the human heart and spirit, of the power that we will apply with all our strength to what is to come about in this school. Let us now place the pentagonal dodecahedron with this document into the ground." -Rudolf Steiner, Rudolf Steiner in the Waldorf School, GA 298. https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA298/English/AP1996/19211216d01.html
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(3) "Just as the twelve signs of the zodiac have brought about our twelve senses through the sun, so have the seven planets, as they relate to the signs of the zodiac and the sun, helped to create living human beings by giving us that which flows into our etheric body. If we had not moved away from the planets, we would now feel these forces at work within us. They are drawn here within a loop for the reason that in reality the course of the planets is not as astronomy has conceived it, as a great circle around the sun." -Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Macrocosm and Microcosm GA 119 29 March 1910, Vienna 9. Organs of Spiritual Perception. Contemplation of the Ego from Twelve Vantage-points. The Thinking of the Heart.https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA119/English/RSP1968/19100329p01.html
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A Summary on Sacred Mathematics & Geometry
By Elizabeth Haich, Author of "Initiation"
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The section below was taken directly from the book Initiation by Elizabeth Haich (Chapter 33).
It is a comprehensive description of the nature of existence and creation and how mathematics and geometry align to spiritual truths. This segment was recalled by Haich through a highly developed form of clairvoyance, when she had attained as a genuine spiritual initiate in the 20th century. This story is recounted through clairvoyance, as guided by Divine Teachers, in ancient Egypt many millennia before (the specific date of this discussion was stated in the book).
Any spelling errors are the fault of the admin. Some are a result of the export process to word via PDF. I added comments/quotes in italics from Dr. Rudolf Steiner's works, and other reference points, in an attempt to provide additional perspectives and insights.
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"Once again I stand before Ptahhotep in his laboratory.
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'I've already explained to you,' he says, 'that behind all the manifestations of the visible world there is a primordial force, a striving to return to the state of unity, and this force is apparent as the attraction between the two complementary halves, the positive and the negative. You are now standing before me because the earth's gravitational force is holding your body here. If it weren't for this force, you and everything that is not rooted to the earth would have spun off into space long ago.
Even the whole gigantic body of the earth would have broken apart long ago. The force which holds together the earth and all the matter within its atmosphere doesn't belong to the earth itself, but merely affects the earth operating outward from its centre. If matter had no resistance and merely yielded to this force, the tremendous mass of the earth and everything that's living on it would disappear into its centre. But where would it go? Think for a moment.
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'Come closer, my child. I'll show you. If I put various things on the top of this table, tie a string on to each, draw the strings through the hole in the middle of the table top, and then pull all the strings from below, all the objects are drawn towards the centre of the table top; and all those that are smaller than the hole disappear. Where do they go? Aren't they drawn towards the point from which the force is acting? But where does the force in the centre of the earth come from ... the force that draws everything towards it? Can you answer that, my child?'
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I reflect for a moment and answer: 'The earth is recognizable. If everything that is recognizable is so only because it has separated itself from the "all and nothingness", leaving its complementary half behind in the unmanifested state, then the earth too must have its complementary half in the unmanifested state, and the force of gravitation it exerts on all the creatures and objects living on it is the striving for reunification between the earth and its unmanifested complementary half which has been left behind in the void as its negative reflection. The earth's gravitational pull thus draws all the earth towards the void which stands beyond time and space, in order to bring about this reunion.
If the earth were to yield, all the earth and everything on it would disappear into the centre, into the void. But that would be a return to the paradisiacal unity—to God—to bliss! Why can't that happen, Father?'
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'My child,' answers Ptahhotep, 'the obstacle is the resistance of matter! Without resistance no creation is possible! It's the resistance of matter that keeps the earth and all creation from disappearing and being annihilated. Everything that has appeared in this recognizable world has fallen out of a point in the universe, and this point has then become its own centre. Through the fall it became matter. Now it can't return to divine unity because its own resistance as matter doesn't let it. A return to the paradisiacal divine unity—to God—is only possible through the spiritualization of the matter, that is, through the transformation of matter into spirit! But matter, all by itself, could never become spirit without spiritual help. That's why one aspect of God comes down into matter, clothes itself in matter, assumes material characteristics, and animates it as the self in order to make possible its spiritualization, its salvation.
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'The effect which this self in the centre of every creature has constantly exerted on the innermost structure of matter throughout aeons and aeons of time has led to the development of the forms of life existing on each rung of the ladder of creation. Thus each creature has come into being, from the simple protozoa up to the highest manifestation.
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'The highest creature on earth is man. It is his task to carry out the completion of the spiritualization of the earth, a task at which all living creatures are at work, each within the limits of its own particular stage of development. And every human being who transforms himself from a being identical with the body into a being reawakened in spirit, a divine being— identifying his consciousness with the divine self—has fulfilled his duty. He has spiritualized a bit of the earth. He has advanced by one step the salvation of the earth. Then he can co-operate as a helper in the salvation of other beings.
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'And now you know why you're standing here before me. It's because the self of the earth, which at the same time is our own self, loves the earth and all its creatures, drawing the earth towards itself, into divine unity, just as a bridegroom draws his bride to himself. This striving towards union, characteristic of all love, expresses itself in everything—including our bodies— as weight!
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'This force which we call weight is at work in every form of nature, and when we build we must reckon and work with this force, never against it. When we take proper account of it, it helps us preserve our buildings for a long time. If we were to try to build against the laws of these forces, all our structures would collapse in practically no time at all.
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'It's enough for you to understand that in the pyramidal form the resultant of forces is the most favourable one possible for the preservation of buildings for many thousands of years against the ravages of nature.
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'The pyramids—particularly the great pyramid—have been built according to various mathematical and astronomical laws in order to serve the people as clock and calendar. You will learn these laws another time. Moreover, the fact that the lateral faces stand at an angle of 51° to their base enables the pyramid to reflect the sun's rays far out to sea and far into the desert. Thus our pyramids also serve as lighthouses. All the laws on which they are based, together with the history of those who have built them, are inscribed on the ceramic tiles with which they are covered. When the sons of men some day discover the secret of our writing, they will be able for a long time to read right from the pyramids themselves the knowledge and information I am giving you now, the mathematical and astronomical laws we have applied, the secrets of the pyramids and all our scientific knowledge. In the darkest ages of the earth, however, these written records will also disappear, so the sons of men will later have to discover all truth for themselves.
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'You must learn the law of the three-dimensional world which is based on the law of the spirit and could not exist without it.
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'The first source of all truth and of all manifestation is the eternal being— God. But God is in the unmanifested state beyond time and space, and only his manifestations appear as projections in the three-dimensional world. Therefore in order to understand these laws correctly, we must begin with God. In order to talk about God, however, we always have to cope with the fact that God stands above the recognizable world. For this reason every living creature can only understand God to the extent to which it itself is able consciously to experience, manifest and realize God; that is, to the extent to which it itself can be God! In everything God is living, and everything is living in God. Nevertheless, God in his own complete, perfect being can be understood only by one who has himself become God—or who has never fallen out of God. God can be understood only by God!
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'The fact that even the most primitive man has a concept of God shows that divine consciousness is dwelling within him, even though only very dimly and to the lowest degree. On the other hand, to become conscious in God, to understand God completely, and to be God means to become completely one with one's own divine self, with the God dwelling within. That is easy to say but very hard to do! Because man has fallen out of his divine consciousness, he can only imagine God in accordance with his own personal power of understanding. How can he know what the real, living divinity is like in its perfection when his power of imagination only corresponds to the level he personally stands on, separated as he is from unity, and having fallen as he has from divinity? How can the finite understand the infinite, the mortal the immortal, the temporal the eternal? ... How can an imaginary being understand, experience and become identical with the eternal, true being— God?
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'And still man must reach him! His eternal desire, his unquenchable longing helps him and propels him forward in the direction of his divine self. Man's intellect—the greatest but most dangerous gift he has received from God-builds a bridge across the seemingly unconquerable chasm between that which is personal and mortal and that which is impersonal and eternal. Through man's intellect he succumbed to the temptation to fall out of divine unity with his consciousness. But by the same token, his intellect gives him the possibility of bringing back his consciousness into full union with divinity. By means of his intellect, man is able to understand truth, and when he has understood, he will seek and keep on seeking and trying until he some day succeeds in finding the only path to the realization of his self.
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'Realization means being something. For as long as we think about something or talk about it, we aren't being it. You can think about a cat, or about a lion, but that doesn't mean by any manner of means that you have achieved realization, that you have become a cat or a lion. Likewise, you can think about yourself without being your divine, creative self! To think something is to be separated from it. For if you send out a single thought, you—the thinker—are connected only by thinking with the object of your thought.
You are connected with it, but not identical with it. You are not yet that which is in your intellect. Your intellect belongs to you; it is a wonderful tool, a mirror into which you can project everything and in which you can recognize everything, but your intellect is not you! The intellect is outside your self. Consequently what you can do with your intellect is not you yourself, is not achievement of realization. 'When man seeks God outside himself, he can often be "thinking" about God, he can be "praying" to God, he can be "loving" God with his whole being, but all this doesn't mean he has become identical with God. For man can never find God by seeking outside himself!
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'The creator in man is man's own self whose last manifestation, farthest from his own centre, is his little "I", his personal "I-consciousness". The personal "I" within him is the image of God mirrored by matter—in the body. Thus when man seeks to return to God and re-establish his identity with him he must follow the same path with his consciousness: he must draw his consciousness more and more from his own little personal "I"—deeper and deeper into himself—turning to his own true self, to his creator, until he consciously recognizes himself in Him. But this doesn't mean that the creature—the person—recognizes itself in this condition.
As an imaginary being, it has no true existence and cannot really achieve self-knowledge. On the contrary, the creator recognizes himself in the created, in the person. This is the only possibility for overcoming the state of separation and bringing back the consciousness into the state of unity: the individual stops thinking about himself and instead becomes himself, recognizes himself. In this condition, the recognizer, the recognized and the recognition are one and the same. The self—the creator—recognizes its self in itself!


'Man can only experience God in this way. This is resurrection! In this state he recognizes that his own self has created him and is constantly creating him, hence that his own self is his creator. He likewise realizes that the one and only self is the creator of the entire universe! As a result of this divine self-recognition he simultaneously experiences the creative cosmic all- consciousness. At the same time as he achieves self-recognition, he achieves recognition of everything, omniscience!
​
'This divine state in which the creator recognizes himself may also be expressed symbolically by numbers: 'God in his state of resting within himself is 1 in 3 and 3 in 1, 1 and 3 are still an unseparated unity.
​
'In the field of geometry, the form of the equilateral triangle is the symbolic image of God in which the recognizer, the recognized and the recognition are one and the same: 1 in 3 and 3 in 1.
​
'Every form is the manifestation of the force that has built it. Thus every form is the image of the creative force that builds it and dwells within it. Divinity in its primordial state of resting within itself, always manifests itself in the form of a triangle. The triangle represents perfect harmony and perfect equilibrium as its three corner points all lie exactly the same distance from each other.
On the other hand, when the aspect of God to which we refer as "resting within itself" moves out of the dimensionless state, beyond time and space and into the three dimensions,it becomes the creative aspect of God and always manifests itself in the number 4. As long as the numbers 1 and 3 form a unity in divinity, they remain 3 in 1 and 1 in 3. But when they emerge from the divine condition of unity, they separate, and out of the "1 in 3" there emerges "1 and 3", and that makes 4. The equilateral triangle contains, hidden within itself, 4 smaller equilateral triangles.

'This law also contains the secret of the key number of the three- dimensional world: the number 7.
​
'Now try to imagine how the first energy of manifestation emerges out of the dimensionless state into the three dimensions. Close your eyes and I'll project this truth into your consciousness.'
​
I do as Ptahhotep tells me, closing my eyes and turning my attention inward. All of a sudden I see a point, and I hear Ptahhotep's voice:
​
'In order for a force to emerge from the dimensionless state and manifest itself, it needs a point of departure. A point is dimensionless, has not yet emerged from unity, but is necessary for manifestation. Because a point consists of only one single factor, it bears within itself the number of unity, the number 1.
​
'When the force whose first manifestation was a point emerges from the dimensionless state and is effective for a period of time, the point moves and forms a line.'
​
With my inward eye I see how the point gradually becomes a line, and I hear Ptahhotep's voice.
​
'The first dimension, length, is born. In its essence, the line is endless and thus, as a first manifestation, also represents the number 1. But in the world of manifestations, the world where everything always has a beginning and an end, a line is always bound to involve three factors, its starting point, its end point, and the intervening space between the two.
Thus the line represents the number 3, the key number for the 1-dimensional world.
​
'Now you must have noticed that there is no possibility of manifesting or of finding the number 2 in a unity. As a matter of fact after the first manifestation of the point, which represents only 1 single factor, we immediately jumped to three factors—without the number 2. When a point moves, no matter how little, to form even the tiniest, shortest line, we're already dealing with the 3 factors not 2. A line in infinity of course, represents the number 1; but when it has a beginning and an end, it automatically represents the number 3.
​
'In order for the number 2 to arise, there has to be a splitting of unity. The number 2 can only be born when two units are set beside each other. But inasmuch as nothing has any real existence outside unity, unity must project a reflection outside itself. Thus there arises a fission, a separation, which means the death of unity. That's why the word for "doubt"—which represents a kind of cleavage within one's mind and soul—is so closely related to the word for 2. This is true in every language.
​
'Let us now watch how the second dimension arises from the first. A line consists of a series of points. Assuming the creative energy is active in each of these points with the same force and for the same period of time, each of these points moves outward from itself into the second dimension; each of them becomes a line, and out of the totality of these lines a plane is created: An equilateral rectangle.

Author's Note: In light of Anthroposophy, the square represents the four-fold nature of the human being.
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"Firstly he (a human soul descending into the physical world) has a physical body, secondly an etheric body, thirdly an astral body and within this as fourth member of the ego, the Monad. After the four-fold organism has come into being the Monad can look through it into the environment and a relationship is established between the Monad (or "I" of the human being) and everything that is in the surroundings." -Rudolf Steiner, The Foundations of Esotericism, GA 93a, Lecture XXII (the parenthesis are thew web admins).
'The second dimension—width—is born.
​
'The rectangle is four in one and one in four and thus consists of five factors: the four manifested lines: Line of departure, terminal line, right and left lateral lines, and the fifth factor: the non-manifested area enclosed by these lines. And so the key number of the two dimensional world is the number five. 'But creative forces continue to work. The plane also consists of points, and if the same force works outward from each of these points in the same direction and for the same period of time, all these points move into the third dimension, and a cube has been created from the plane.
The third dimension is born—height. 'The cube is six in one and one in six and it consists of seven factors: the six manifested limiting planes and the seventh, unmanifested factor, its cubic contents. The key number of the three- dimensional world is the number seven. 'As you see, the basic form of matter is the cube. The various crystals are built in conformity with this law, and in them you can find either the cubic shape itself—as in the case of salt for example—or the basic elements of the cube in various aspects and variations. If we now investigate the characteristics of the cube, you will also understand the laws of the variants.



The third dimension is born—height. 'The cube is six in one and one in six and it consists of seven factors: the six manifested limiting planes and the seventh, unmanifested factor, its cubic contents. The key number of the three- dimensional world is the number seven. 'As you see, the basic form of matter is the cube. The various crystals are built in conformity with this law, and in them you can find either the cubic shape itself—as in the case of salt for example—or the basic elements of the cube in various aspects and variations. If we now investigate the characteristics of the cube, you will also understand the laws of the variants.
​
'Starting from one of the corner points of the cube, try to find a plane in which all three dimensions of the cube are contained. If you merely cut straight through, you get a plane containing only two dimensions of the cube. In order to find a plane containing all three, we must begin at one corner and cut through obliquely to the opposite corner points. Thus one corner of the cube is cut off.
​
'If we continue in the same manner, we cut off all four corners of the cube, and what's left in a very different shape: a tetrahedron, the faces of which are bounded by four equilateral triangles.
​
'So now you see that hidden within the cube in a shape with quite different laws, for the shape consists, not of rectangles, but of four triangles. If we were to flatten out these four triangles into a plane, they would form a single, equilateral triangle, the symbolic representation of God.
​
'Just like the equilateral triangle which makes up its mantle, the tetrahedron is the very incarnation of harmony and equilibrium. Since each of its corner points is equally distant from each of the others, there is no strain or tension in a tetrahedron, but rather a condition of rest in equilibrium. By way of contrast, the corner points of the cube, just like those of the square, lie at different distances from each other, and this means that both in the square and the cube there is a condition of everlasting stress. The matter in our three-dimensional world is built up in cubic form, but hidden within itself it contains the form of the tetrahedron based on divine equilibrium. Matter cannot exist without the divine content.
​
'The whole three-dimensional world is built up on this same law, quite irrespective of whether the form concerned is considered to be inanimate matter or a living creature. Whether a given form is that of a plant, an animal or a human, the body of each of these is subject to the laws of the three dimensional world. Hidden and invisible within this body, however, is the higher, divine self—life—eternal being! Only man is able to manifest his higher self-—that is God—through his thoughts, words and deeds, when he identifies his consciousness, not with his body, but with its spiritual content, with his self. As long as a person identifies himself only with his body, he is like an opaque cube in that he reveals only the characteristics of matter, crowding the divine creative principle into a latent, unmanifested state. No one suspects that the tetrahedron —the divine self—so different from the outward cubic shape, is dwelling within!
​
'On the other hand a person who uses his body, his thoughts, words and deeds only to manifest the divine creative principle, while leaving the characteristics of his physical existence—his person—in the unmanifested state— such a person, to continue using the same figure of speech, is like a cut cube whose corners and inner content are turned outward so that its inner triangles— the equilateral triangles of the divine tetrahedron—are visible.
​
'Such a person uses the material, square shape only as a secure base in the three-dimensional world, allowing his weight to rest on this base.
​
'But the shape of the cut cube turned inside out is the pyramid. Thus we see the pyramid is the symbolic form of the God-man, who reveals his divine, selfless nature and completely manifests God on earth. The salvation of the earth, the spiritualization of matter is completed in the person of the God- man. The divine self—the creator—is seated in complete majesty on its throne and rules over matter, over the body.


'By way of contrast, the symbolic representation of materialistic man who uses his intellect for the service of his material being is the cross—or a "T"— formed out of the four squares making up the surface of the cube. On this cross, or "T" the secret, indwelling, divine self is crucified.

From Dr. Rudolf Steiner:
​
-"The Tau sign symbolises a totally new power, based on freedom, and consisting in the awakening of a new natural force." -Rudolf Steiner, The Temple Legend III, GA 93, 2 January 1906, Berlin, 20.
'In such persons, divinity is robbed of its power. It cannot manifest itself and is subject to the laws of the material world. It is crucified on the two great beams of the three-dimensional world—on time and space—and dies on this cross of matter. Its death, however, is not final! Even in the consciousness that has sunk down to the lowest level, the divine creative self sometime undergoes resurrection and saves the suffering human being. Materialistic man, in his Ignorance through crucifying his own higher self—God within himself— creates ceaseless tortures and sufferings for himself; he becomes the criminal who is also crucified beside the divine one. The pains awaken him; his higher consciousness is aroused, and with the resurrection of his divine self, he experiences his own salvation because he recognizes himself in him!
​
The members of the divine race who fled to the far corners of the earth carried these symbols with them wherever they went, proclaiming to humanity the secret, hidden truth within them. In every part of the earth people will find these symbols in stone, in metal, or baked clay, in various sizes, large or small. Most people will believe that they represent a person who has been crucified, and only a few will recognize that the representation symbolizes the divine creative principle crucified on the two beams of time and space.
​
The pyramids will continue to stand for thousands of years, proclaiming to humanity the highest truths which have been built into them. People with eyes and ears will find and recognize these elements of truth, even though they may not be able to fathom all the mathematical and astronomical laws of the pyramids, and some few highly developed persons will even be able to attain the truth proclaimed. On the other hand, for primitive minds the pyramid will always be a puzzle—just like the Sphinx—until they reach the point of being able to solve their own puzzle.
​
'But now let's return to our consideration of the cube! A few minutes ago you started at one corner of the cube and cut it in such a way that a plane contained all three dimensions. In this way you cut off a corner of the cube; then three more corners. But by starting at the other corner points of the cube you could make four more cuts and you would find the cube doesn't contain just one tetrahedron, but two of them, one within the other, each an exact reflection of the other. These two tetrahedrons represent the innermost law of the recognizable world: the inseparable relationship between the two complementary halves—the positive and the negative—which, self-contained each within the other, form a perfect equilibrium and sit, as creative spirits, on the right hand and on the left hand of divinity. In creation they rule as two opposite laws: the law of spirit and the law of matter.

'Spirit is life, matter is resistance. The law of the spirit is radiation, giving, selflessness. The law of matter is drawing inward, cooling off, paralysis.
​
'There is only one single creature that is able consciously to combine the two laws: man. He is the connecting link between the world of the spirit and that of matter. He is able to live at one and the same time by the laws of both worlds. His thoughts, words and deeds can be an act of giving, radiating selflessness and universal love. On the other hand, his body belongs to the material world and lives by the laws of matter. At its right place and in its right time, every law is divine, but the opposite is satanic.
​
'Without the resistance of matter creation would be impossible. In unmanifested divinity all creative forces are still at rest in unity, in complete repose and equilibrium, representing merely potential, only power possibilities. Creation begins in that one force separates itself from unity and sets itself up opposite the creator as resistance. That is the "first born son" of God, the spirit of resistance which the father sends out to act throughout aeons and aeons of time as a negative and opposite pole to himself, to bear the frequencies of creation, and by resisting them make it possible for creation to take place. This spirit of resistance is the opposite pole to the manifesting aspect of God. By virtue of its centripetal, chilling and coagulating characteristics, it is the cause of the creation of matter.
​
Tick up a stone for example. The power that makes it a stone and holds it together as matter is the very self-same law of resistance tending to chill, harden and hold everything together. As long as this law manifests itself in matter and as matter, the law is operating in its place and consequently in a divine manner. But inert matter becomes living matter when the divine spirit, the self, clothes itself in matter and becomes flesh. The self, life, penetrates the inert matter, and out of the law of matter there arises a living spirit: the reflected image which has only been able to become spirit by virtue of the fact that God, as the self of the living creatures, has breathed his own life into matter, is Satan. Thus you can see that Satan is the law of matter come alive through the divine spirit. Satan lies dead in matter, as its law, until with its own life the divine spirit makes him come alive.
​
'Whenever man's consciousness identifies itself with the law of matter so that his thinking, words and deeds, instead of serving the divine law, serve the law of matter, man is bringing satan to life, man is becoming Satanic himself. Without man satan cannot exist; for without the self of man, Satan is only an unconscious force, a necessary natural law of matter.
​
'Satan can come to life only in the consciousness of a person who manifests the law of matter, the law of the flesh, in his spirit; who identifies his consciousness with his person, with his lower nature, with the drives and urges dwelling in his flesh, with the urge of self-preservation and propagation of the species. Such a person manifests the centripetal, coagulating power of matter as spiritual characteristics such as avarice, envy, vanity, hard-heartedness and selfishness. No living creature has ever met Satan by himself, for without man Satan has no existence at all. Without man Satan is only the law of matter. We can meet the living Satan only in the human being; only in a human face can we recognize Satan as the expression of this face.
​
'When after the death of the body of such a person the self separates itself, Satan remains behind in the corpse as the law of matter, lie became Satan through the vitalizing power of the self in the consciousness. But the consciousness of a person who has identified himself with the law of matter and thus become Satanic himself dies with Satan and becomes unconscious after death. Satan draws him, his slave, into inert matter, into the darkness, into loss of consciousness, into himself.
​
'On the other hand, the consciousness of a person who has identified himself with the law of the divine spirit and served this law remains awake and alert after the body has been put off; liberated from its chains, freed of the isolation of matter, it merges into eternal light, into God.
​
'The two tetrahedrons contained within each other represent the two poles of creation in complete equilibrium. All creation—the world of unrest and motion—is based on this divine equilibrium. It is the inner law operating through all forms and therefore in the crystallizations of matter also. As you've been able to see for yourself, the primordial form of matter, the cube, is built up around the divine tetrahedron. The triangles making up the faces of the tetrahedron are identical with the planes connecting the corner points of the cube. Man too, in his inner being, has a plane of contact with the divine self. And that's why he can only find his own divine being within himself, never by directing his attention towards the outside world.
​
'When man directs his attention towards the outside world, he is forced in accordance with divine law into more and more spiritual prisons, until after many pains and tortures, he finds divinity.
​
'But now let's examine the different kinds of forms of crystals based on the shape of the cube.
Take six geometric forms which have the shape of a house roof and a base area exactly equal to that of the face of the cube, then place these six forms on the faces of this cube in such a way that their different edges are adjacent to each other.

'In this way you form a geometric body which we call a pentagonal dodecahedron consisting of twelve equilateral pentagons. The pentagonal dodecahedron reveals further laws of the long path of the consciousness. But now we want to look at the result manifested by the last crystal form in this series: the icosahedron made up of twenty equilateral triangles.

'In this way you form a geometric body which we call a pentagonal dodecahedron consisting of twelve equilateral pentagons. The pentagonal dodecahedron reveals further laws of the long path of the consciousness. But now we want to look at the result manifested by the last crystal form in this series: the icosahedron made up of twenty equilateral triangles.
​
'Thus starting with the tetrahedron we can develop a total of four regular crystal forms with equal areas: the tetrahedron, the cube, the pentagonal dodecahedron and the icosahedro . 'It is only possible to form regular crystal shapes from triangles, rectangles and pentagons: from triangles, the tetrahedron, the octahedron and the icosahedron: from squares only the cube; from pentagons only the pentagonal dodecahedron.
'Except for the octahedron you are already acquainted with all these geometrical bodies. You can construct an octahedron by drawing three equally long lines, one in each of the three dimensions—length, breadth and height— at an angle of 45° in such a way that the middle of the three lines is identical. When you join the endpoints of the three lines, you form the eight triangles which go to make up the octahedron. Thus you see the octahedron consists of two pyramids joined at their base, one standing normally, the other upside down.

​'And now pay very close attention. If we cut the octahedron with planes at equal distances from each other and pass through in each of the three dimensions, we create innumerable little octahedrons. But these octahedrons do not fill the space in the big octahedron. On the contrary, the spaces between the little octahedrons form little tetrahedrons just as you observed in the space within the cube. You can divide up the space in an endless number of larger or smaller octahedrons, and the little tetrahedrons in between will always be there. Thus you can see that in every one of its points three-dimensional space is based on the divine tetrahedron representing absolute harmony and absolute equilibrium.

'In just the same manner all of visible creation rests in every one of its points on the divinity which stands above all manifestation, reposing unmanifested Within itself. God is omnipresent!
​
'But now let's come back to the various geometric bodies contained within each other or superimposed on each other: tetrahedron, cube, pentagonal dodecahedron and icosahedron. Here are some further laws revealed by their relationships.
​
'If we take half the number of faces of each of the geometric bodies we've talked about—the tetrahedron, cube, pentagonal dodecahedron, and icosahedron, we get the numbers 2,3,6 and 10. If we multiply these numbers together, we get the number 360, the number of degrees in the circle. And if we add these numbers together, we get 21, the number of possible connections between the seven factors of the key number of the three- dimensional world, the number 7!'

Author's Note:
​This symbol correlates to an ancient mystical symbol known today as "Metatron's Cube." See below.
Ptahhotep stops speaking, and I stand before him in silence and awe.
​
'Now you may go, my child,' says Ptahhotep, 'you've had enough for today. Next time we'll talk about the four sides of the pyramid. They contain further truths. If you want to attain complete self-recognition, they're very important for you.'
​
I bow and leave."

Esoteric Shapes and Symbols

Left: Metatron's Cube
The origins of Metatron's Cube can be traced back to ancient texts and beliefs. The name "Metatron" is derived from the Hebrew Bible, where Metatron is described as an angelic scribe and intermediary between God and humans. The cube itself is a two-dimensional representation of a three-dimensional shape known as a "Metatron's Cube" or "Metatron's Cube Octahedron." It is composed of 13 circles (nodes) interconnected by straight lines, forming a symmetrical and harmonious pattern.
One of the earliest known references to Metatron's Cube is found in the Kabbalah, a Jewish mystical tradition. In the Kabbalah, it is believed that Metatron's Cube represents the structure of the universe and the divine blueprint of creation. Each of the 13 circles within the cube is associated with an archangel, and the lines connecting them symbolize the paths that these angels use to communicate with one another and with the divine.
Metatron's Cube is not only a symbol of spirituality but also a masterpiece of sacred geometry. It embodies several mathematical principles, including the Fibonacci sequence and the Golden Ratio. The Fibonacci sequence is a series of numbers where each number is the sum of the two preceding ones (e.g., 0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21...), and the Golden Ratio (approximately 1.61803398875) is a mathematical constant that appears in various aspects of nature and art.
This geometric masterpiece is not limited to any single religion or culture. It transcends boundaries and is embraced by individuals from different spiritual backgrounds and worldviews. Metatron's Cube is a testament to the universal appeal of geometry and its ability to inspire awe and wonder.

Left: The Symbol of the Archangel Michael
From Dr. Rudolf Steiner, Lectures to the First Class, Volume III, GA 270, XX (Recapitulation of Lesson I)
https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA270/English/eLib2018c/19240906y01.html

A Note on Tones, Resonances, and Geometric Shapes
“If you want to find the secrets of the universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration.” -Nikola Tesla
All tones, and resonances, which find their most well-known expression in music, are reflections of spiritual and mathematical principles. Using a basic tone generator, one can observe geometric patterns and shapes emerge. These tones, as both phsyical and esoteric science guide us, are creative or destructive in nature depending on how they are employed by that which gives it expression. It is clear that geometric shapes correlate to SOUND. Through movement on all levels of existence, sounds are generated and guided by thoughts, feelings, and activities which manifest outwardly.
All frequencies, when emitted, bring form out of chaos or nothingness. Many experiments have been done by musicians and scientists alike. Through these experiments, one can get a sense of the spiritual inner aspect that lies within sounds, or a vibration of energy, and how it can manifest. Many of these shapes can be found as expressions in sacred geometry when tones combine to create a shape. Shapes and tones are aligned to create a melody. What is the significance of these shapes? How many shapes can be formed?
Feelings, thoughts, and ideas align with sound frequencies and vibrations. When viewed spiritually, which is to say through the eyes of clairvoyance, tones one can "raise" one's energy or vibration to a perception of the activity of the spiritual spheres. Energy is sound, being, and feeling which explains why one form of music appeals to one person, and not another. It also explains why one person is repelled or attracted to another person, place, or thing. Energy is projected and it is received.
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When viewed spiritually, these facts can provide a seeker with clues to aspects of being and creation. They can provide us with an intimation the true meaning of the opening line of the Gospel of John:
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"In the beginning was the WORD, and the WORD was with GOD, and the WORD was a GOD."

Footnotes
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(1) Rudolf Steiner, "At the Gates of Spiritual Science", Lecture 9, Evolution of the Earth https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA095/English/RSPAP1986/19060830p01.html
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​(2) Rudolf Steiner, The Two Christmas Annunciations, GA 203, https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA203/English/Singles/19210101a02.html
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(3) Rudolf Steiner, The Fourth Dimension, GA 324a, 7 November 1905, Berlin https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA324a/English/SOL2024/19051107p02.html
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Further Reading
-Rudolf Steiner, Occult Signs and Symbols, GA 101, https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA101/English/AP1972/OccSgn_index.html
-Rudolf Steiner, Mathematics and Occultism, GA 35, https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/MatOcc_index.html
-Rudolf Steiner, Anthroposophy and Science, GA 324a, https://rsarchive.org/Lectures/GA324a/English/AP2001/index.html , https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CevAPJjF9iQ
-Search on the name Pythagoras at the Rudolf Steiner Archive, https://rsarchive.org/Search.php?q=pythagoras&type=keywords
-Elizabeth Haich, Initiation, specifically in chapters 32-34 where a robust overview of sacred geometry and cosmosophy is recounted. A free PDF of this book can be found here which was not published by the author: https://houseoftruth.education/files/pdf/Elisabeth_Haich_Initiation.pdf https://www.amazon.com/Initiation-Elisabeth-Haich/dp/0943358507